天下文樞--南京夫子廟

　　◆建筑年代　1985

　　◆建筑名稱　南京夫子廟

　　◆建筑師　潘谷西 葉菊華 王文卿 丁沃沃等

　　夫子廟，位于南京市城南，是供奉和祭祀我國(guó)古代著名的大思想家、教育家孔子的廟宇，簡(jiǎn)稱"文廟"。始建于1034年，由東晉學(xué)宮擴(kuò)建而成。其后歷經(jīng)滄桑，幾番興廢。夫子廟，是南京城市歷史文化的重要標(biāo)志。"青磚小瓦馬頭墻，回廊掛落花格窗"，是夫子廟建筑群的主要建筑風(fēng)格。它由孔廟、學(xué)宮、貢院三部分組成，構(gòu)成了當(dāng)年江南的文教中心。整個(gè)建筑群于1937年遭侵華日軍焚燒而嚴(yán)重?fù)p毀。1985年重建，建筑面積五萬(wàn)平方米，鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)。孔廟部分由東南大學(xué)著名古建筑學(xué)家潘谷西、葉菊華等主持設(shè)計(jì)。東西市場(chǎng)及廣場(chǎng)部分由王文卿、丁沃沃等設(shè)計(jì)。

　　Located at southern area of Nanjing City,Confucius Temple is built for memorizing Chinas great thinker and educator,Confucius.Confucius Temple is aslo called "Wen Temple"（Wen in Chinese meaning culture,knowledge or intelligence）.Construction of the Temple started in 1034,and firstly it was expanded on the basis of the School Palace in East Jin Dynasty.The temple,however,are ruined and rebuilt for several times.Now it becomes an important historic and cultural hallmark of Nanjing City."Gray bricks,small tiles and walls decorated with horsehead sculptures;Winding cloisters,windows decorated with flowershape frames"are main architectural features used in this ensemble.The whole temple is composed of 3 parts:Temple building,School palace and Examination hall,all of which constitute the former culture and education center in SouthYangtzeRiver area in old times.Confucius Temple was burned by invaded Japanese in 1937 and almost totally destroyed.In 1985 it was rebuilt.Current buildings,using a steel and concrete frame,cover a floor space of 50,000 square meters.Design of the Temple Building is presided by PAN Guxi and YE Juhua,famous architects of Southeast University.Professor WANG Wenqing and architect DING Wowo designed eastern and western marketing places and the square.